Posted by
Kaisersculture on Saturday, July 26, 2008 5:47:25 PM
Christopher Nolan's blockbuster The Dark Knight has reignited the old "vigilante justice in movies" argument that has raged off and on since Dirty Harry and Death Wish. Those visceral 70s films consciously provoked that argument, whatever the filmmakers real politics were. But here, we're dealing with a comic-book hero blockbuster, a film awash in subtext, certainly, but can it carry all the significance critics claim to find in it? Sure, it's a compelling entertainment that glows darkly upon the screen like a gem (one that swoops and swoons off of skyscrapers, that is!), but can it carry all the moral weight of a Thoughtful Drama?
Nolan has carried the art-house gameiness of his breakout thriller Memento to his Batman pictures, investing them with a sober gravity far removed from the dark but campy aesthetic of the Tim Burton films with Michael Keaton. Both sets of films are rather grim, but in very different ways. The Burton films, if not exactly nihilistic, seem rather more preoccupied with their off-kilter villains and pop-Expressionist visuals than with crimefighting itself-- let alone the ethics of fighting crime. Nolan has tried to ground his Batman, by contrast, in something recognizable as our lived-in reality, particularly with The Dark Knight which uses a basically unadorned Chicago as its stand-in for Gotham: Gotham as Everymetropolis, USA. Forget that high-rise Amtrak thing in Batman Begins. This film is sleekly compelling to look at, all the more because it doesn't try to convince us we're looking at some kind of Blade Runner futuristic neverland.
Both Liam Neeson in the first picture and, here, the late Heath Ledger, traffic in some kind of popcorn "Nietzschean" schtick. Neeson's villain stood for a seemingly--aristocratic code gone bonkers, ready to torch Troy so that an Aeneid could get written. Ledger's Joker has no similar notions of nobility, however spurious. His war is not against "decadence" but the very notion of order itself. He'd burn Aeneids so that, well, so he could carve up people's faces and/or make them do nasty things to each other. As he insists himself, he's not that complicated.
This presents an issue to be taken up with the screenplay by the freres Nolan. The Joker's reign of terror (or should it be called a "rain of terror" in deference to the Joker's ambition to become some kind of asymmetrical force of nature?) seems to throw all kinds of moral connumdrums at the protagonists and the audience itself. Yet the very philosophical blankness at the Joker's heart gives the film a representational headache.
After all, how the devil is The Joker to keep his crime-spree running at all? He always has available henchmen for whatever attack he has planned next; yet his wear-it-on-my-sleeve nihilism has to be off-putting to more than just his Mob frenemies, the guys who represent Old School crime-- the people who might be the Soviet Union to The Joker's Al Qaeda in the film's subtextual scheme. If the opening bank heist is any indication, his hired help ought to catch on quickly to the fact that working for The Joker isn't really a career with prospects. I mean, the guy burns money with impunity!-- you might have to wonder if his crew isn't composed of some kind of--
Ideologues? I wonder if Nolan means us to take that hint. There's the hospital scene where The Joker completes Harvey Dent's moral transformation into Two Face. There's the zonked-out guy with the sewn-in bomb and his incoherent babble about how The Joker promised to replace the pain with lights--Joker as cult-leader? His shifting stories about his deformed face show him fishing around for psychologically impressive material-- mining fear and numb curiosity for an opening into the victim/opponent's psyche? All of these methods indicate his status as terrorist (and the word itself gets bandied about a couple of times). But while the real-world terrorists create chaos, they have (at least initially) 'reasons' for doing so. One can argue very well that, in the end, any terrorist network that survives indefinitely will inevitably become something very like The Joker here-- bent on destruction for its own sake, out of habit, once the ostensible rationales for terrorism, whether religious, ethnic, or political, have been forgotten. Look at the FARC, the IRA or the Khmer Rouge. But if we can't know how The Joker started, at least we should have some sense of how he operates. Burton's Batman, no marvel of plot-construction, at least gave us that. His henchmen weren't required to behave as irrationally as Jack Nicholson did. This Joker seems to have an endless sea of goons ready to line up to take his bullets in the back of the head.
Alas, there's nothing to go on here. For all of the tautness Nolan wishes to bring to his sprawling epic, it's undone by the fact that The Joker has to be everywhere and nowhere. And that is facilitated by his ability to buy off or blackmail anyone into betraying the protagonists. Which means, of course, that The Joker has to function in a much more "rational" way (however sub-basement the quality of this reason) than the film wants to credit him for. We see Batman resorting to some kind of wiretapping/sonar-mapping McGuffin of dubious constitutionality in order to track The Joker down-- but what exactly made him so difficult to find in the first place? I mean, how did he get so good at hiding? Michael Mann would have found some way to show us how The Joker just couldn't be accessed by all the best footwork in the world. Nolan demands we take it on faith.
For all of its entertainment value, The Dark Knight isn't the morality play it aspires to be. There's a diminishing of the film with every new "moral dilemma" it seeks to invent, reaching a sad low with the grimly underwhelming boats-and-bombs denoument. If it's true that Spielberg can't resist using his editing rhythms to let the audience know when somebody is or isn't going to be killed in Schindler's List, then Nolan hasn't even begun to make the effort. I'm not complaining about the overall outcome [SPOILER ALERT: both boats survive!]; rather, it's that there's little drama on the prisoner's ferry, and none at all on the civilian one. If Nolan wanted to make us believe this moral crisis, he needed to turn those civvies on like the angry mobs that feared and loathed Christ or Socrates. The prisoners-- well, I would've expected at least some of them to come on like Natural Born Killers. Nolan can't just throw this thing in the audience's lap and then not be expected to turn up the suspense to a fever pitch. Even if one accepts the exceptionally nominal sense of tension, anger and grief on the boats, Nolan still hasn't even worked to cross-cut the situation on the river with what's going on in the climactic duel between Batman and The Joker. The noisy, incoherent finale is a waste of celluloid compared to the opening robbery, or the big chase sequence on the streets.
As some critic has wisely pointed out, for all of The Joker's inanities about "chaos" and its "fair"ness, he's really a control-freak. The average Janes, Joes, and Convicts on the boats abnegate his psychotic hypotheses as a social scientist by doing the 'boring'ly right thing. That would be a heartening victory for normalicy, expect that, having put the concept down on paper, Nolan seems so apathetic in bringing it to cinematic life.
As for all the navel-gazing over "vigillanteism": well, this has become such a kneejerk liberal bugbear that I'm immediately tempted to say, "Lighten up, people! it's a comic book movie, for goshsakes!" But, since the film clearly tries to summon the ghosts of Torture, Wiretapping, False Incrimination and whatnot, let's try to take the bait. What is the film's judgment?: certainly not, I think, that Batman is an illicit agent of fascism. He assumes, in the end, the aspect of the Criminal in order to continue his quest for Justice, but we don't believe for a moment that he won't be vindicated in Gotham's eye in the sequel. Nor, through the words of Gordon, does the film cast a negative glance upon Batman's retreating form at all. I almost expected his boy to pull a Shane and run after him, so glowing and heroic are the words thrown upon our hero by the taciturn policeman. Nolan clearly isn't so bent up about his duty to lecture the audience on constitutionality that he can't let Batman be Batman and do his thing, and for that, I'm grateful.
If anything, The Dark Knight's bravest moral insight might lie in its treatment of Rachel's choice of men and her fate. Her death, of course, is tragically undeserved, but there's also tragic irony in her making the choice of a man who would become, through madness or weakness, a villain bent on throwing all scruples, human or divine, out the window in deference to his awful worship of Chance over the man who would stand true to better convictions-- and must go on, remembering a woman who he believes was ready to give her love to him, who in fact had already decided to retract it in favor of another. If there's one point on which The Dark Knight seems to justify deception over truth, it's in Alfred's burning of her letter. To allow Rachel to break Batman/Bruce's spirit from beyond the grave would not only wound our crime-fighting hero, but forever marr her memory. If Rachel ever gets to return from the grave, she's gonna feel like a lommox for that call.